The harmful gas emitted from coal rock during the mining process is generally called gas, and the main components of gas are co, H2S, CH4 and other hydrocarbon compounds. In recent years, many underground accidents have occurred in coal mines in China, with the casualties exceeding half of the total number of major accidents.

There are three kinds of common underground gas disasters: gas explosion, gas outburst and gas combustion. In order to avoid the occurrence of coal mine accidents, the detection of underground gas is very important.

1. CO gas detection in coal mine accidents

When the coal mine is in fire or gas or coal dust explosion, a large amount of carbon monoxide will be produced. In addition, CO is one of the main gases that cause gas explosion in coal mines. It can be seen that the cause of gas explosion or the product after gas explosion are related to Co.

CO is a colorless, tasteless, odorless and highly toxic gas, with a specific gravity of 0.967, almost insoluble in water, and is not active in normal state. When mixed with air to 12.5% - 75%, it can explode when it is mixed with air. CO is a kind of highly toxic gas, which will cause hypoxia, inhibit tissue respiration and endanger people's health and safety after being inhaled.

The coal mine safety regulations stipulate that the maximum allowable concentration of CO in the underground air of coal mine is 0.0024%. In addition, coal produces CO in the low temperature oxidation stage, and the emission of CO changes steadily, which can objectively reflect the basic law of coal spontaneous combustion, and CO is also a sensitive index for early prediction of mine fire.

2.Detection of methane CH4 in coal mine

In coal mine accidents, fire caused by gas explosion and gas combustion accounts for a large proportion, and they often occur together. The main cause of gas explosion is the accumulation of gas in the mine. The main component of gas is methane (CH4), accounting for 83-89%. It is the gas formed and stored in the coal seam in the process of coal formation, and it is the most harmful gas in the coal mine.

Methane is colorless, tasteless and odorless with a density of 0.7164kg/m ³， It is non-toxic and its main harm to human body is that it can cause asphyxiation and death when it exceeds the limit. However, it is flammable and explosive. When it is mixed with air to a certain concentration, it will cause combustion or explosion in case of high temperature fire source. According to the volume calculation, when the concentration of methane is 5.3-15.0%, it is explosive. The accumulation of methane gas in the mine has become a major problem perplexing the safety production of coal mines.

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